Self-organised criticality in animal collectives
Behavioural contagion determines how behavior spreads in an infection-like manner between individuals, examples are aggressive behavior in a violent protest or escape response of sheep or prey agents to the intervention of a shepherd or a predator. Behavioural contagion has been investigated in different disciplines such as social and cognitive psychology, sociology, biology and computational modelling. In the domain of collective behaviour, behavioural contagion was primarily investigated from a birds-eye perspective to determine the behavioural dynamics of the group, typically assuming strongly idealized social interactions.
However, the question arises whether such an approach is sufficient to predict the social dynamics in situations where individual decisions are more complex and cognitively demanding. These more complex decision processes have been studied from the cognitive perspective in experimental research on social conformity, and social contagion. Such a perspective can easily deal with more complex constraints on individual behaviour and can model these constraints on individual decisions.
The cognitive approach has usually neglected complex group dynamics. In the current project we intend to merge the cognitive and collective behaviour perspectives on behavioural contagion with the primary goal to develop innovative synthetic models of group and individual behaviour. We plan to investigate the interaction of individual decision processes and group dynamics in Virtual Reality (VR) experiments where simulations of the group dynamics are implemented in a virtual group of artificial agents.
VR allows to investigate complex behavioural interactions between participant and the virtual group under controlled experimental conditions. In three work packages we will develop an experimental environment in VR that allows to simulate group dynamics of a virtual group (objective 1), map out proximate mechanisms at the individual level that underlie behavioral contagion such as selective attention, motor contagion and global/local group influences of different group sizes, (objective 2). We will parameterize the individual decision processes and implement these decision models in artificial agents (objective 3). Then we will investigate the group dynamics that evolve from the interaction of these artificial agents (objective 4) and compare the behaviour of artificial and human agents (objective 5). Finally, we will investigate how artificial and human agents respond to more complex subgroup dynamics that evolve when the group is confronted with intervening agents that try to systematically influence the behaviour of the group (objective 6).
